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Evaluation Review, Vol. 14, No. 3, 297-307 (1990)
DOI: 10.1177/0193841X9001400305

Three Methods of Assessing Adolescent School-Level Experimentation of Tobacco Products

Ventura L. Charlin

Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research University of Southern California

Steve Sussman

Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research University of Southern California

Clyde W. Dent

Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research University of Southern California

Alan W. Stacy

Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research University of Southern California

John W. Graham

Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research University of Southern California

Marny Barovich

Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research University of Southern California

Ginger Hahn

Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research University of Southern California

Dee Burton

Preventcon Research Center, School of Public Health University of Illinois at Chicago

Brian R. Flay

Preventcon Research Center, School of Public Health University of Illinois at Chicago

Three methods of use of estimate tobacco products experimentation were examined in nineteen schools (thirteen junior high schools and six high schools). Convergent and discriminant validity of measures of student experimentation of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco were assessed using Campbell and Fiske's (1959) criteria to analyze a multitrait-multimethod correlation matrix produced by two traits (cigarettes and smokeless tobacco) and three methods (aggregated students' self-report of tobacco experimentation, school personnel prevalence estimates of student tobacco experimentation, and school outdoor refuse evidence of tobacco products). The student self-report and the school staff estimate methods demonstrated good convergent validity. The refuse method showed convergent validity with the student self-reports of smokeless tobacco only. Evidence for discriminant validity was only suggestive. It appears that the school personnel method is the most useful and economic alternative for estimating school-level tobacco experimentation.


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S. Sussman and A. W. Stacy
Five Methods of Assessing School-Level Daily Use of Cigarettes and Alcohol By Adolescents At Continuation High Schools
Eval Rev, December 1, 1994; 18(6): 741 - 755.
[Abstract] [PDF]