This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Holland, P. W. Articles by Rubin, D. B. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Holland, P. W. Articles by Rubin, D. B. Social Bookmarking                   What's this?

Causal Inference in Retrospective Studies

Research Statistics Group Educational Testing Service

Donald B. Rubin

Harvard University

The problem of drawing causal inferences from retrospective case-control studies is considered. A model for causal inference in prospective studies is reviewed and then applied to retrospective studies. The limitations of case-control studies are formulated in terms of the level of causally relevant parameters that can be estimated in such studies. An example using data from a large retrospective study of coffee-drinking and myocardial infarctions is used to illustrate the ideas of the article.

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. M. Shahian and S.-L. T. Normand Comparison of "Risk-Adjusted" Hospital Outcomes Circulation, April 15, 2008; 117(15): 1955 - 1963. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. A. BERK Thinking About Hate-Motivated Crimes J Interpers Violence, September 1, 1990; 5(3): 334 - 349. [Abstract] [PDF]